The study of German-language literary journalism is usually preoccupied with the genre’s rich history in the 19th and early 20th century, focusing on prominent protagonists such as Heinrich Heine and Egon Erwin Kisch. However, there is hardly any systematic knowledge about current developments in this field: Who are the actors of contemporary literary journalism in Germany? What are their journalistic aims and role perceptions? Which structural settings have a lasting influence on their work? And how do they judge the legacy of their historical predecessors? These were some of the questions which I addressed in my presentation at the Sixth International Conference for Literary Journalism Studies (IALJS-6) in Brussels this week.
Relating to a series of problem-centered interviews with practitioners of literary journalism, which I am currently conducting for my PhD project, I could describe typical changes in the state of the genre in Germany: From the perspective of systems theory, it can be noted that the journalism system has been adapting itself to the challenge of literary journalism. In the past, the literary approach was judged as an irritation and a threat for the integrity of professional journalism, but the internal structures of the journalism system have reacted to this irritation. By adapting its structures and by allowing to integrate literary techniques into mainstream reporting, the journalism system has reprogrammed itself. As a consequence, literary journalism has moved from the periphery of the journalism system towards its centre, thus converting the actors of literary journalism from former outlaws to key pillars of the system.
This development has consequences for the identity of the subsystem of literary journalism. Whereas the actors of literary journalism have been a relatively cohesive group throughout most of the 20th century, the boundaries of their subsystem are now slowly dissolving. A clear distinction between literary journalism and journalism in general (that is between the subsystem and its mother system) is becoming ever more difficult. This development can be described as a process of “alimitation” (Entgrenzung). Although journalism in general may clearly benefit from this alimitation, it will probably entail severe problems for the scientific analysis of literary journalism, because under the given circumstances it becomes harder and harder to find a clear definition for its object of study.
This argument is also visualized in my slides:
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